How many bytes is one character in UTF-8?
ASCII letters, digits, spaces and line breaks are 1 byte. Accented Latin letters are usually 2 bytes, Chinese, Japanese and Korean characters are 3 bytes, and most emoji are 4 bytes.
What is the "double-byte estimate"?
It is an approximation of older systems such as EUC-KR, Big5 or GBK: ASCII is 1 byte and every other character is 2 bytes. Emoji and other characters those encodings cannot hold are also counted as 2, so treat it as a rough figure.
How are line breaks counted?
One line break counts as 1 byte here. Some forms count it as 2 bytes (\r\n), so leave some margin if you are close to the limit.
Is my text sent anywhere?
No. Counting and trimming happen in your browser only, and nothing is stored.